Proxima Centauri b is classified as a super-Earth with a radius about 1.17 times that of Earth. Its mass is estimated to be about 1.17 Earth masses, indicating it has a similar size and density to our planet.

Proxima Centauri b is located approximately 4.24 light-years away from Earth, making it the closest known exoplanet to our solar system. It orbits the star Proxima Centauri, which is part of the Alpha Centauri star system.

As it lies within the habitable zone of its star, Proxima Centauri b could have surface conditions that allow for liquid water, depending on its atmosphere. However, the actual conditions on the planet remain uncertain due to a lack of direct observational data. 

As of now, there is no confirmed evidence of moons orbiting Proxima Centauri b. The detection of exomoons is challenging, and while it is theoretically possible for the planet to have moons, none have been observed. 

Proxima Centauri b is the closest exoplanet to Earth, located 4.24 light-years away. It resides in the habitable zone of its star, allowing for liquid water, though it may face challenges from stellar flares. 

Discovery Method: Radial Velocity

Year Discovered: 2016

Details: Proxima Centauri b was discovered using the radial velocity method by analyzing the spectral lines of Proxima Centauri. The planet is located in the habitable zone of the closest star system to Earth, making it a prime candidate for further study in the search for extraterrestrial life.